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Hence Heisenberg’s uncertainty principle is not applicable to macroscopic particles. But this is not true for macroscopic moving particle. This high energy photon on striking the electron changes its speed as well as direction. But shorter wavelength means higher frequency and hence higher energy. The shorter the wavelength, the greater is the accuracy. The accuracy with which the position of the particle can be measured depends upon the wavelength of the light used.

As a result of the hitting, the position as well as the velocity of the electron are disturbed. Suppose we attempt to measure both the position and momentum of an electron, to pinpoint the position of the electron we have to use light so that the photon of light strikes the electron and the reflected photon is seen in the microscope. Thus, the mathematical expression for the Heisenberg’s uncertainty principle is simply written asĮxplanation of Heisenberg’s uncertainty principle The product of the uncertainty in position (Δx) and the uncertainty in the momentum (Δp = m.Δv where m is the mass of the particle and Δv is the uncertainty in velocity) is equal to or greater than h/4π where h is the Planck’s constant. “It is impossible to measure simultaneously the position and momentum of a small microscopic moving particle with absolute accuracy or certainty” i.e., if an attempt is made to measure any one of these two quantities with higher accuracy, the other becomes less accurate. Is it possible for subatomic particle also?Īs a consequence of dual nature of matter, Heisenberg, in 1927 gave a principle about the uncertainties in simultaneous measurement of position and momentum (mass × velocity) of small particles. Hence their position and velocity can be measured accurately at any instant of time. All moving objects that we see around us e.g., a car, a ball thrown in the air etc., move along definite paths.

Heisenberg principle atom location